Docteur Arthur Chevalier
158 Palais Royal
Paris
I looked the dude up and found that Chevalier's company mostly made microscopes and other scientific instruments back in the second half of the 19th century. I couldn't find any real references to telescopes of this nature, so I contacted the Oris group, a trio of scientific instrument enthusiasts in Italy who specialize in the research and identification of antiques such as mine. They can be found at http://www.bononiaemicroscope.it/
They’ve been very helpful to me so far, expressing interest in my spyglass turning me on to this Chevalier catalog from the mid 1800s.
http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/trade-literature/scientific-instruments/files/51671/
I've sent the Oris Group some pics of my telescope and hope to hear back from them soon. I'll keep y'all posted on what (if anything) I find out.